Automation in emergency

Design considerations

Automation is required to ensure fast and safe response in the problems solving.

Automation is also required to prevent undesired/risky operators' actions

Response time

Grace time - Response time

In emergency, automation is required when the manual operation is too slow to handle the situation.

Example

A fault of the breathing ventilation valve, resulted in the death of the crew members of the Soyuz 11 space shuttle. The valve had been jolted open as the descent module separated from the service module after retrofire. Patsayev, a crew member, tried to close the valve manually, but lost conscious before ending ( Wiki ).