Following the analysis of primary risks, the design may include add-ons for preventing and mitigating the primary risks, such as backup and redundancy of critical components, sensors and alarms about faults, etc.. secondary risks are about fault of the add-ons. (see the add-on dilemma)

Definition

Resilience add-ons are components added to augment the system resilience.

Examples

Examples of resilience add-ons include:

• Risk mitigating components, such as boiler cooler or pressure release valves
• Backup systems, for safety critical sub- systems, such as cooling systems
• Means (sensors) to detect exceptional situations
• Means (indicators) to notify the operators about hazards
• Resilience modules ... , implementing rule-based hazard detection.
• Station gates, enabling rebounding and alerting on exceptional operator's activity
• Sensor gates, enabling system administrators to fake hardware faults.

25 Mar 2017.